Konuma T, Kondo T, Masuko M, et al. Prognostic Value of Measurable Residual Disease at Allogeneic Transplantation for Adults With Core Binding Factor Acute Myeloid Leukemia in Remission. Bone Marrow Transplantation. 2021; (doi: 10.1038/s41409-021-01409-4).

The results of a new study highlight the different prognostic values of pretransplant measurable residual disease (MRD) for core binding factor AML (CBF-AML). The retrospective analysis involved 959 adults with t(8;21) or inv(16) CBF-AML who underwent allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) between 2000 and 2018. In multivariate analysis, pretransplant MRD negativity corresponded significantly with lower relapse, treatment failure, and overall mortality among t(8;21) patients. For patients with inv(16), the absence of pretransplant MRD was not associated with relapse, treatment failure, or overall mortality. Subgroup analysis found that pretransplant MRD status only impacted relapse and leukemia-free survival in t(8;21) patients undergoing allogeneic HCT during a second complete remission. The findings underscore the importance of developing effective treatment strategies for CBF-AML patients who are MRD-positive.

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