Schoeberl F, Tiedt S, Schmitt A, et al. Neurofilament Light Chain Serum Levels Correlate With the Severity of Neurotoxicity After CAR T Cell Treatment. Blood Advances. 2022; (doi: 10.1182/bloodadvances.2021006144).

High levels of neurofilament light chain serum (NfL) are a known biomarker for neuroaxonal damage, and researchers believe they also may help predict the extent of neurotoxicity following chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell therapy. The study measured NfL levels in 96 patients with refractory B-cell malignancies, taking readings both before and after CAR T-cell infusion. The findings suggested an association between elevated NfL levels pre-treatment and more acute cases of immune effector cell-associated neurotoxicity syndrome (ICANS) later. Investigators also observed a marked increase in NfL levels post-treatment, which matched up with the greater severity of ICANS. However, they caution the findings are preliminary and should be validated in a larger, prospective clinical trial.

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Tags: CAR-T, transplantation, CAR T, Cellular therapy, CAR T-Cell Therapy, CAR T-cell, Biomarker, neurotoxicity, predict, neurofilament, light chain serum